These results support further development of D-tesaglitazar towards translation for multiple neurodegenerative diseases, especially Alzheimer's and Parkinson's Disease. β-amyloid, α-synuclein), and increases β-amyloid phagocytosis. In vitro, D-tesaglitazar induces an ‘M1 to M2’ phenotype shift, decreases secretion of reactive oxygen species, increases expression of genes for phagocytosis and enzymatic degradation of pathogenic proteins ( e.g. Here we present the synthesis and characterization of a novel dendrimer-PPARα/γ dual agonist conjugate (D-tesaglitazar). Bioz Stars score: 86/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. Therefore, dendrimer conjugation of a PPARα/γ dual agonist may enable targeted phenotype switching of activated microglia. GraphPad Prism Inc grubbs outlier exclusion analysis Grubbs Outlier Exclusion Analysis, supplied by GraphPad Prism Inc, used in various techniques. Hydroxyl-terminated polyamidoamine dendrimers (without the attachment of any targeting ligands) have been shown to cross the impaired BBB at the site of neuroinflammation and accumulate in activated microglia. Such strategies have been explored in clinical trials for neurological diseases, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease, but have likely failed due to their poor blood–brain barrier (BBB) penetration. Outlier detection can be a useful way to screen data for problems, but it can also be misused. For all cases, a p-value < 0.05 was considered significant. Prism can identify outliers in each column using either the Grubbs' or ROUT method. PPARα and PPARγ agonists have both been shown to shift microglia from a pro-inflammatory (‘M1-like’) to an alternatively activated (‘M2-like’) phenotype. Statistical outliers were determined using a Grubb's test for statistical outliers (GraphPad Software, USA), and removed if they were statistically an outlier. GraphPad Prism (GraphPad Software, Inc., USA) was used for all analyses and significance was set at p < 0.05. Pro-inflammatory microglia contribute to disease progression by releasing neurotoxic substances and accelerating pathogenic protein accumulation. A two-sided Grubbs test was used to identify any outliers. How to remove outliers in GraphPad example.
Outliers graphpad prism 8 how to#
Switching microglia from a disease exacerbating, ‘pro-inflammatory’ state into a neuroprotective, ‘anti-inflammatory’ phenotype is a promising strategy for addressing multiple neurodegenerative diseases. GraphPad Prism R SPSS Calculators How to remove outliers in GraphPad example dataset.